Barite density: 4.50 (+ 0.10, -0.20) g / cm3, Mohs hardness: 3 ～ 4, orthorhombic, common color: colorless to red, yellow, green, blue and brown, the two groups are completely resolved Physical, heterogeneous body, biaxial crystal, positive light, ultraviolet fluorescence: occasional fluorescence and phosphorescence, weak blue or light green, magnification inspection: often include a lot of inclusions, some gas-liquid two-phase inclusions. Crystal habit: plate-like, sometimes columnar, granular, fibrous aggregates, or stalactite, nodular aggregates, non-metallic mineral products with barium sulfate (BaSO4) as the main component.

I. Resource distribution

There are several obvious characteristics of barite minerals in China, which are mainly distributed in the central region in terms of quantity; almost all the rich ore deposits are mainly concentrated in Guizhou and Guangxi in terms of grade; the deposits are mainly large and medium-sized, only in Guizhou Tianzhu River Gongxi and Hunan Xinhuang mines account for more than half of the large and medium-sized reserves, and the total and associated mineral reserves are large, which is conducive to comprehensive utilization.

China's major large and extra-large deposits often use a single barite type as the main ore type, which is a layered barite deposit. The ore has an obvious sedimentary structure and structure, and the mineral and chemical components are relatively simple and pure. For example, in the Xinhuang Gongxi barite ore mine in Hunan, the ore body is generally layered and layer-like, with a length of tens of meters to tens of kilometers, a thickness of 0.3 to 7 m, and generally 1 to 2 m. The ore is mainly composed of barite and calcite, with a barite content of 55% to 99%.

There are also many associated barite deposits in China. Although they have no value for separate mining or utilization, they can be comprehensively used or mined as a by-product of the production process. For example, Jiuquan Iron and Steel Company and other units have conducted beneficiation tests on barite that co-occurred in Nanjing Tieshan Iron Ore, Gansu, and carried out comprehensive utilization research. The following are the main sources of barite in China.

1.Guangxi

Guangxi is China's larger barite production base. Barite production is widely distributed in more than 20 counties including Xiangzhou, Wuxuan, Sanjiang, Yongfu, Fusui, and Luzhai. The annual output of barite ore in the autonomous region is more than 1 million tons, with the output of Xiangzhou County being higher, reaching 450,000 tons, followed by Yongfu with an output of 140,000 tons, and the output of Fusuisitong barite ore is 36,000 tons. Guangxi barite ore has high output and good quality, and enjoys high popularity in domestic and foreign markets. Both exports and domestic sales rank first in the country. The deposit is a vein-type barite deposit with simple hydrological and geological conditions in the mining area. The surrounding rock of the ore body is silicified silty siltstone with clear boundaries, stable surrounding rock, and simple mining conditions.

Guizhou

Guizhou has rich barite resources, accounting for about 60% of the country's barite reserves, and is the second largest barite production base in China. Mainly distributed in Tianzhu, Majiang, Huangping, Kaili, Shibing 5 cities. Among them, the Dahebian barite mining area in Tianzhu County is an extra-large deposit with proven D-level reserves of 108.104 million tons, and proven D-level reserves of 16 million tons in Majiang County. Huangping, Kerry, Shibing and other counties Ming D-class reserves reached about 10 million tons. The quality of Guizhou barite ore is good, 70% of which are rich in ore with BaS content above 85%, and its grade fully meets the requirements of industrial production. Guizhou's barite reserves are in the forefront of the country, but the current mining volume and exports are not as good as Guangxi. At present, there are more than 80 barite mines in the province. If it is mined normally, the annual ore output can reach more than 10 million tons. There are more raw ore miners and fewer deep-processing enterprises, currently only 1 million tons. Hebei Xinji Chemical Group's annual output of 180,000 tons of barium carbonate project was completed and put into operation in Tianzhu County, Guizhou Province on March 28, 2004, which will make Guizhou's barite production surpass Guangxi and become China's larger barite production base.

3.Hunan

Barite mines in Hunan Province are mainly distributed in Hengnan, Xinhuang and Liuyang. The province's barite mining industry is extremely developed, with an annual output of 800,000 tons of barite in Huaihua, Hunan. The barite deposit in Tanzishan, Hengnan, Hunan Province is located in the upper Cretaceous red continental facies, and the scale of the deposit is large. The single ore body is 100-700 m long, 30-135 m wide, and 5-65 m thick. The ore content of ore barite is 7.75% to 20.43%, and the ore grade is generally about 85%. The mine is dominated by open-pit mining on slopes, and heavy and manual beneficiation are used.

4.Hubei

Hubei Province is rich in barite mineral resources, which are widely distributed in Suizhou Songzi, Zhicheng, Wufeng Mountain and other areas. Liulin, Suizhou, Hubei is an extra-large barite deposit. The mining areas include Tianjiachong-Xiejiadian, Liuhe Bay and Jinqiaoling. The Liuhe Bay and Jinqiaoling ore sections were mined by the Liulin Barite Mine in Suizhou, Hubei, and were formally put into production in 1978, with an annual output of about 15t / a.

5.Shaanxi

The barite mines in Shaanxi Province are mainly concentrated in the Ankang area, bordering Hubei Province in the east, Sichuan Province, Luoba Mountain, and Linhan River in the south, and the ancient Qinling trenches have created rich barite and pyrite-based minerals. Non-metallic mineral resources. Large barite deposits exist in the country. The ore belt is located in the ancient Qinling trough fold belt. The Proterozoic Sinian volcanic clastic tuffs constitute the basement structure of the mining area. The Cambrian-Ordovician carbonaceous siliceous rocks constitute the upper tectonic layer. Without integrated contact, the barite ore body is controlled by the horizon and the paleogeographic environment. It is mainly deposited in the lower Cambrian-Ordovician lithologic section of the shallow sea margin in the condition of weakly alkaline oxidizing media, and is a single barite ore body. . It has been proven that the barite reserves are 24 million tons. The main component in the ore body is barite, followed by quartz, and a small amount of dusty carbonaceous. The ore structure is mainly compact inlays, dense blocks, and layered. Structure, ore industry type are barite type. The grade of barium sulfate is 90% to 98%, the average grade is 94%, the higher is 99.33%, the density is more than 4.2g / cm3, and the larger is 4.5. It has the advantages of large reserves, high grade, and easy mining. It is the barite export and processing A reliable base for barite powder.

6.Fujian

The proven barite reserves are mainly concentrated in the Lifang mining area in Yongan City, Fujian Province. The deposit is a sedimentary deposit. The area includes four ore sections with an annual production capacity of 400,000 tons and an annual export of 200,000 tons.

Application direction

Barite is an important industrial mineral raw material for barium and barium compounds. There are three main roles in industrial production: preparation of barium compounds, barite powder and zinc barium white.

Deep processing of barite is the direction of developing barite. Several products after barite deep processing—precipitated barium sulfate, alkali sulfide, and barium sulfate have a good market. It is predicted that the future market demand is large, and the economic benefits are considerable, which are promising products. There are currently more than 20 barite deep processing enterprises in China, and most of them are relatively small. Henan Songxian Chemical Plant is a barite deep processing plant built in 1984, which has achieved good returns, and its plant construction experience can be used for reference.

Barite is a barium-containing mineral widely distributed in nature. Barium can be replaced by the complete isomorphism of strontium to form lapis lazuli; it can be partially replaced by lead to form Beitou Stone (named after being produced from Beitou Hot Spring in Taiwan). Orthogonal (orthogonal) crystal system, the crystals often become thick plate. Pure barite is transparent and colorless, generally white, light yellow, glass luster, cleavage surface is pearl luster. Complete and moderate cleavage in 3 directions, Mohs hardness 3 ～ 3.5, specific gravity 4.5. Mainly formed in the low-temperature hydrothermal conditions. China's Hunan, Guangxi, Qinghai, Xinjiang and other properties have huge barite veins. Chemical sedimentary deposits and weathering residual and slope deposits are of great significance in individual countries. Residual barite sand deposits in Missouri in the United States amount to 20 million tons. The main use of barite is as a weighting agent for petroleum drilling mud and chemical products for making barium, as well as a white pigment—zinc-barium white (Lide powder); and as a filler for rubber, paper, cloth, paint, plastic, etc. ; Can be used as a coagulant for radiation protection; Flux in glass production can increase the brightness of glass.

At present, China's barite reserves and production capacity can fully guarantee the development of China's economic construction and the needs of foreign exports. It can be said that China's barite market has a very bright future.